AmQuel®
Instant Water Detoxifier
Liquids; (See also Kordon Refrence
Guide for further information)
Item No. 31201-1/4 oz; 31241-1oz; 31244-4oz; 31248-8oz; 31256-16oz;
31261-1gallon; 31275-5 gallon
Item No. 31661-2.2 lbs (Pure Dry AmQuel)
(For Pure Dry AmQuel see AquaVet Division)
PURPOSE AND BENEFITS
To avoid confusion it should be recognized that there are two
products with the Amquel name - the original AmQuel and the recently
improved product AmQuel+. AmQuel+ does all that AmQuel does and
a significant number of additional tasks as well. See in KPD-80 "About Conditioners" the
section "Comparison Between AmQuel and AmQuel+".
Kordon AmQuel, developed about 20 years ago is the original product
that established the state-of-the-art in water conditioning technology
regarding ammonia removal. AmQuel quickly and effectively removes
ammonia, chlorine and chloramines (three of the most toxic chemicals
commonly found in aquatic systems) from freshwater and salt water.
AmQuel is the first to be a true one-step liquid ammonia and chloramine
remover that is simple to use. AmQuel is completely unlike declorinators
which claim to "remove" chloramines. These products
only break the chlorine-ammonia bond of chloramines by simple
dechlorination, leaving the ammonia in the water. The resulting
ammonia must be removed by bacterial action which can take days
or weeks or by adsorption on granular or powdered zeolites (clinoptilolites).
In addition, AmQuel functions as well in salt water as it does
in fresh water; whereas zeolites do not remove ammonia in salt
water. For detailed information on AmQuel's chemical structure
click here: KPD-58, AmQuel-How It Works
SPECIFICATIONS
Contains 100% sodium hydroxymethanesulfonate.
DOSAGE WITH LIQUID AMQUEL PRODUCTS
The "Standard Dose" of AmQuel is one teaspoon (5 ml)
per 10 gallons of fresh or salt water, or one liquid ounce (30
ml) per 60 gallons of water, or one cup (8 liquid ounces - 20
ml) per 480 gallons of water. For other measurements estimate
the amounts needed, such as 1/4 teaspoon for 2.5 gallons of water,
or 3 teaspoons for 30 gallons, etc.
To remove chlorine and chloramines (chlorine combined
with ammonia) out of the tap from public water supplies add
one Standard Dose (see definition above) to the water to break
the bond between the chlorine and ammonia, and to remove all the
chlorine, and ammonia that may be in public water supplies. This
will remove up to 3 mg/L chloramines (as monochloramine, NH2Cl).
No greater dose is needed for removing chloramines or chlorine
from public water supplies.
To remove toxic ammonia compounds that build up in aquariums
and ponds from the excretion of body wastes by fishes, invertebrates,
bacteria, and other aquatic organisms start with a Standard
Dose (see definition above). This Standard Dose not only removes
the chlorine and chloramines described above, but will also remove
(detoxify) at the same time 1.0 mg/L (= approx. 1.0 ppm) of all
ammonia compounds in fresh or salt water. Use multiple doses to
remove more than 1.0 mg/L ammonia from the water.
It is suggested that the ammonia concentration of the water be
tested prior to the addition of AmQuel to determine how much AmQuel
is needed. Also see Contraindications for when there may be problems
in the use of AmQuel). [sentence relocated] The pH of the water
being treated affects the speed at which AmQuel removes ammonia.
The lower the pH, the slower AmQuel works. At a pH of 7.0 (neutral)
AmQuel will remove the ammonia in less than 5 minutes. Several
minutes more are needed at higher pHs.
To remove toxic nitrite, nitrate and other organic compounds
that build up in aquariums and ponds from the excretion of body
wastes by fishes, invertebrates, bacteria, and other aquatic organisms
use AmQuel+ (see KPD-79).
STABILITY
AmQuel is stable indefinitely when stored in a cool, dark area
away from heat and direct sunlight. AmQuel must be kept tightly
closed when not in use.
COMPATIBILITIES
AmQuel is harmless to plants, fishes and invertebrates. This product
is safe for use in aquariums and ponds and will not interfere
with normal biological filtration. AmQuel is compatible with NovAqua
and PolyAqua. Use caution when adding liquid AmQuel to water that
has a poor buffer reserve (as indicated by problems maintaining
a stable pH). Using AmQuel in these conditions can cause a sudden
lowering of pH. To prevent a pH drop, use either AmQuel Plus Buffers
or Amquel+. AmQuel may affect the dyes in certain types of cotton
fabrics. This happens for the same reason that Ammonia test kits
using the Nessler reagents do not work with AmQuel or AmQuel+.
These products reduce the coloring agents used in the Nessler
reaction test kits, and apparently in a very small selection of
cotton based fabrics.
CONTRAINDICATIONS AmQuel should not be added to water
containing active, therapeutic dosages of chemical dyes such as
methylene blue, acriflavine, potassium permanganate or malachite
green, since AmQuel will interfere with their proper performance.
Combining AmQuel with these dyes will not result in toxic chemical
by-products. AmQuel is compatible to use with all water quality
test kits except for the ammonia test kit that uses Nessler reagents
that read in shades of amber or yellow, and the oxygen kit that
uses Winkler reagents. Residual AmQuel and its reaction products
are incompatible with the Nessler and Winkler-type test reagents,
resulting in false, high ammonia and low oxygen concentration
readings. All other types of test kits produce accurate test results,
such as ammonia test kits using salicylate-type reagents. Kordon's
AquaTru Test Kit #35970 for salt water and #35980 for fresh water
are recommended for accurate test results. AmQuel will temporarily
(for approximately 12 hours) lower redox. (For more information
see KPD-80. "About
Conditioners")
TOXICITY AmQuel is non-toxic when used as directed. Over
the past twenty years thousands of species of freshwater and marine
fishes, invertebrates and plants have been exposed to AmQuel with
no toxic effects. It does not reach toxic levels even in cases
of accidental or purposeful overdosing. AmQuel is non-toxic to
humans and no special precautions are necessary in handling this
product.
DRY AMQUEL + BUFFERS
There are two Dry AmQuel+Buffers products: no. 31643 4.5 oz, and
no. 31648 10 oz. These products provide AmQuel with the buffers
needed to keep the pH from becoming more acidic due to the acidity
of the AmQuel formulation. (See also KPD-79
about AmQuel+, which does not require buffering in its use).
PURE DRY AMQUEL
AmQuel is available in bulk pure dry form for professiional and
commercial use. See the section on AquaVet for listings and further
information.
DIRECTIONS FOR USE:
As a general rule, when using tap water in which chlorine and
chloramines are present, but not nitrites, nitrates or other organics
-- then it is safe to use the less expensive AmQuel. If there
is the possibility of nitrites, nitrates and other organics being
involved, then Amquel+ is recommended.
AQUARIUMS AND PONDS When using AmQuel with tap water, add
AmQuel to water at the recommended dosage to remove ammonia, chlorine
and chloramines. To fully condition tap water, add NovAqua (see
KPD-41) as well. Use
AmQuel or AmQuel+ and NovAqua each time a water change is made.
If the tap water contains both ammonia and nitrite (this is becoming
more common in public water supplies) then AmQuel+ should be used
instead of AmQuel. Also see KPD-79 for
AmQuel+ as to when it should be used.
FISH AND INVERTEBRATE SHIPPING AND HOLDING AmQuel or AmQuel+
and NovAqua should be added to tap water used for shipping fish
and invertebrates. If the fish are crowded or prone to bump into
or abrade each other, PolyAqua (see KPD-32)
should be added to both the shipping water and the aquarium or
holding tank after shipments are received.. NovAqua and AmQuel,
when used together, will reduce stress, osmotic and pH shock,
probability of infection, and neutralize ammonia, chloramines,
chlorine and heavy metals. PolyAqua should be used to handle abrasions,
bruises, and frayed fins of fishes.
FISH AND INVERTEBRATE FIELD COLLECTIONS
When using water from natural conditions for field collecting
the use of AmQuel in holding and shipping water will reduce stress
in fishes and invertebrates due to ammonia intoxication. If fish
will be held for days in containers, AmQuel+ should be used, because
it will remove (detoxify) nitrites and nitrates as well. In addition,
PolyAqua should be used in holding and shipping water for optimum
protection against abrasions, bruises, and frayed fins in fishes.
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Many often asked questions common to all the Kordon Water Conditioners are addressed in the section titled About Water Conditioners, KPD-80 The following is a list of the topics covered: |
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